upper ( s )

upper(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s converted to uppercase.

Convert lower case letters to UPPER CASE

lstrip ( s )

lstrip(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s with leading whitespace removed.

Strip leading tabs and spaces

replace (
        s,
        old,
        new,
        maxsplit=-1,
        )

replace (str, old, new[, maxsplit]) -> string

Return a copy of string str with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. If the optional argument maxsplit is given, only the first maxsplit occurrences are replaced.

Substring replacement (global)

capwords ( s,  sep=None )

capwords(s, [sep]) -> string

Split the argument into words using split, capitalize each word using capitalize, and join the capitalized words using join. Note that this replaces runs of whitespace characters by a single space.

Capitalize the words in a string, e.g. " aBc dEf " -> "Abc Def". See also regsub.capwords().

rfind ( s,  *args )

rfind(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Return the highest index in s where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

Return -1 on failure.

Find last substring, return -1 if not found

strip ( s )

strip(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s with leading and trailing whitespace removed.

Strip leading and trailing tabs and spaces

ljust ( s,  width )

ljust(s, width) -> string

Return a left-justified version of s, in a field of the specified width, padded with spaces as needed. The string is never truncated.

Left-justify a string

find ( s,  *args )

find(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> in

Return the lowest index in s where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

Return -1 on failure.

Find substring, return -1 if not found

index ( s,  *args )

index(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Like find but raises ValueError when the substring is not found.

Find substring, raise exception if not found

rindex ( s,  *args )

rindex(s, sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Like rfind but raises ValueError when the substring is not found.

Find last substring, raise exception if not found

capitalize ( s )

capitalize(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s with only its first character capitalized.

Capitalize a string, e.g. "aBc dEf" -> "Abc def".

split (
        s,
        sep=None,
        maxsplit=-1,
        )

split(str [,sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings

Return a list of the words in the string s, using sep as the delimiter string. If maxsplit is nonzero, splits into at most maxsplit words If sep is not specified, any whitespace string is a separator. Maxsplit defaults to -1.

(split and splitfields are synonymous)

Split a string into a list of space/tab-separated words NB: split(s) is NOT the same as splitfields(s, )!

rstrip ( s )

rstrip(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s with trailing whitespace removed.

Strip trailing tabs and spaces

translate (
        s,
        table,
        deletions="",
        )

translate(s,table [,deletechars]) -> string

Return a copy of the string s, where all characters occurring in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the remaining characters have been mapped through the given translation table, which must be a string of length 256.

Character translation through look-up table.

rjust ( s,  width )

rjust(s, width) -> string

Return a right-justified version of s, in a field of the specified width, padded with spaces as needed. The string is never truncated.

Right-justify a string

swapcase ( s )

swapcase(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s with upper case characters converted to lowercase and vice versa.

Swap lower case letters and UPPER CASE

atoi ( *args )

atoi(s [,base]) -> int

Return the integer represented by the string s in the given base, which defaults to 10. The string s must consist of one or more digits, possibly preceded by a sign. If base is 0, it is chosen from the leading characters of s, 0 for octal, 0x or 0X for hexadecimal. If base is 16, a preceding 0x or 0X is accepted.

Convert string to integer

zfill ( x,  width )

zfill(x, width) -> string

Pad a numeric string x with zeros on the left, to fill a field of the specified width. The string x is never truncated.

Zero-fill a number, e.g., (12, 3) --> 012 and (-3, 3) --> -03 Decadent feature: the argument may be a string or a number (Use of this is deprecated; it should be a string as with ljust c.s.)

atol ( *args )

atol(s [,base]) -> long

Return the long integer represented by the string s in the given base, which defaults to 10. The string s must consist of one or more digits, possibly preceded by a sign. If base is 0, it is chosen from the leading characters of s, 0 for octal, 0x or 0X for hexadecimal. If base is 16, a preceding 0x or 0X is accepted. A trailing L or l is not accepted, unless base is 0.

Convert string to long integer

atof ( s )

atof(s) -> float

Return the floating point number represented by the string s.

Convert string to float

count ( s,  *args )

count(s, sub[, start[,end]]) -> int

Return the number of occurrences of substring sub in string s[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

Count non-overlapping occurrences of substring

lower ( s )

lower(s) -> string

Return a copy of the string s converted to lowercase.

convert UPPER CASE letters to lower case

join ( words,  sep=' ' )

join(list [,sep]) -> string

Return a string composed of the words in list, with intervening occurences of sep. The default separator is a single space.

(joinfields and join are synonymous)

Join fields with optional separator

center ( s,  width )

center(s, width) -> string

Return a center version of s, in a field of the specified width. padded with spaces as needed. The string is never truncated.

Center a string

expandtabs ( s,  tabsize=8 )

expandtabs(s [,tabsize]) -> string

Return a copy of the string s with all tab characters replaced by the appropriate number of spaces, depending on the current column, and the tabsize (default 8).

Expand tabs in a string. Doesn't take non-printing chars into account, but does understand \n.

maketrans ( fromstr,  tostr )

maketrans(frm, to) -> string

Return a translation table (a string of 256 bytes long) suitable for use in string.translate. The strings frm and to must be of the same length.