abyssal features abyssal hills abyssal plains seafloor features Features on the ocean floor at a depth of 3500 - 6000 meters. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 2 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 abyssal hills abyssal features 3 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 abyssal plains abyssal features 4 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 academies educational facilities 6 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 accelerators research facilities 8 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 access areas recreational facilities 10 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 access sites recreational facilities 12 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 adits (mine sites) mine sites An almost horizontal entrance to a mine. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 13 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 administrative areas administrative divisions boundary regions buffer zones civil areas concession areas demilitarized zones districts free trade zones governed places leased areas (government) leased zones (government) neutral zones (political) prefectures protectorates sheikdoms sultanates trade zones cadastral areas military areas political areas populated places postal areas school districts statistical areas territorial waters tribal areas 15 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 administrative divisions administrative areas 16 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 administrative facilities buildings 41 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 adminstrative facilities buildings 41 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 affluents streams 1261 07/15/2003 07/15/2003 agricultural colonies populated places 43 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 agricultural facilities agricultural sites 44 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 agricultural regions corn belts rice growing regions wheat belts regions agricultural sites 1248 09/27/2001 01/13/2004 agricultural reserves agricultural sites reserves 46 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 agricultural schools educational facilities 47 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 agricultural sites agricultural facilities agricultural reserves bailing stations banana plantations barns cattle dipping tanks corrals cotton plantations croplands cultivated areas cultivated croplands dairies farms farmsteads feedlots fields granges grazing allotments irrigated fields nurseries oil palm plantations orchards pastoral sites pastures plantations ranches rice fields rubber plantations sheepfolds sisal plantations stockyards sugar plantations tea plantations vineyards manmade features agricultural regions fisheries Use for locations and facilities named for their agricultural purposes of raising crops and livestock. 45 09/27/2001 01/13/2004 ahus mountain summits 79 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 air force bases military areas 81 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 air routes transportation features 82 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 airbases airport features 84 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 airfields airport features 86 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 airport features airbases airfields airports airstrips landing fields landing strips runways transportation features heliports seaplane bases Manmade facilities maintained for the use of aircraft. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 85 09/27/2001 11/09/2004 airports airport features 87 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 airstrips airport features 88 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 alluvial fans fans (alluvial) physiographic features deltas floodplains Fan-shaped deposits of alluvium (river or stream-bed sediment). [Nature Net: National Park Service: Natural Resource Keyword Thesaurus http://www.nature.nps.gov/nrbib/HTML%20files/4.htm#324] 94 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 amphibious bases seaplane bases 99 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 amphitheaters performance sites 100 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 amphitheatres performance sites 102 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 amusement parks recreational facilities Commercially operated enterprises that offer rides, games, and other forms of entertainment. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 103 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 anabranches streams 104 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 anchorages harbors 106 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ancient sites archaeological sites 108 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 anclajes harbors 110 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 animal pounds buildings 111 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 animal shelters buildings 112 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 antenna field sites telecommunication features 113 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 anticlines domes (physiographic) folds (geologic) mountains Geologic folds in surface strata sloping downward on both sides from a common crest. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 115 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 apartment blocks residential sites 119 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 apartment houses residential sites 121 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aprons (geological) physiographic features 122 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aquacultural sites fisheries 123 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aquariums buildings 125 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aquatic centers sports facilities 126 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aqueducts transportation features canals Structures designed to transport water from a remote source, usually by gravity. [USGS Circ 1048] 128 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aquifers hydrographic features Bodies of rock that contain sufficient saturated permeable material to conduct ground water and to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 130 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 arboretums parks 132 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 archaeological centers research facilities 133 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 archaeological sites ancient sites archeological sites burial caves cliff dwellings petroglyphs pyramids historical sites monuments paleontological sites research facilities Areas of historical significance containing the deteriorated remains of a structure(s) or where past human life and activities are under study. [USGS Circ 1048] 109 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 archeological sites archaeological sites 134 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 arches (natural formation) natural bridges sea arches natural rock formations Natural arch-like openings in a rock mass. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 142 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 archipelagos islands Seas or areas in a sea that contain numerous islands; also, the island groups themselves. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 146 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 archive buildings library buildings 148 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 archives library buildings 150 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 Arctic land tundras 151 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 arenas sports facilities 153 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 aretes ridges 154 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 arid regions deserts 1 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 army facilities military areas 156 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 arroyos coulees gullies wadi bends wadi junctions wadi mouths wadis washes physiographic features canyons valleys Small deep flat-floored channels or gullies of an ephemeral stream or of an intermittent stream, usually with vertical or steeply cut banks. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 157 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 arrugados seafloor features 167 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 arsenals military areas 168 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 art galleries museum buildings 169 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 artificial islands offshore platforms 171 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 artillery ranges military areas 173 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 asphalt lakes basins 174 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 astronomical stations reference locations 176 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 asylums medical facilities 177 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 athletic complexes sports facilities 179 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 athletic fields sports facilities 180 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 atolls islands 181 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 atomic centers research facilities 182 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 auditoriums performance sites 183 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 backwaters wetlands 184 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 badlands physiographic features barren lands canyons deserts Areas characterized by a maze of very closely spaced, deep, narrow, steep-sided ravines, and sharp crests and pinnacles. [NIMA GEONet Designation ... Definitions http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/desig.html] 186 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 bahias bays 189 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bailing stations agricultural sites 48 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 bajadas deserts 191 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ball parks sports facilities 192 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 banana plantations agricultural sites 49 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 banks (commercial) commercial sites 193 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 banks (hydrographic) stream banks physiographic features levees Sloping margins of, or the ground bordering, a stream, and serving to confine the water to the natural channel during the normal course of flow. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 195 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 banks (seafloor) seafloor features 198 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 barns agricultural sites buildings 50 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 barracks military areas residential sites 199 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 barrancas canyons 200 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 barren lands biogeographic regions badlands deserts Places composed of bare rock, sand, gravel, or other earthen material with little or no vegetation and having limited ability to support life. [USGS Circ 1048] 187 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 barrier reefs reefs 202 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 barrios countries, 3rd order divisions 204 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bars (physiographic) quicksand areas sandbars shoals spits physiographic features bends (river) islands rapids reefs Natural accumulations of sand, gravel, or other material forming an underwater or exposed embankment. [USGS Circ 1048] 206 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 baseball fields sports facilities 213 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bases (military) military areas 214 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 basins asphalt lakes depressions pans (geologic) physiographic features storage basins bays cirques craters drainage basins lakes mineral deposit areas playas synclines valleys Bowl-shaped, natural depressions in the surface of the land or ocean floor. [Adapted from USGS Circ 1048] 175 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 battle grounds historical sites 225 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 battle sites historical sites 226 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 battlefields historical sites 227 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bayous wetlands 228 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bays bahias coves embayments hydrographic features fjords basins bights channels estuaries gulfs wetlands Indentations of a coastline or shoreline enclosing a part of a body of water; bodies of water partly surrounded by land. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 190 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 beach ridges ridges 236 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 beaches sandy areas strands physiographic features coastal zones dunes Sloping shores along a body of water that is washed by waves or tides and is usually covered by sand or gravel. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 237 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 beacons reference locations 242 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 beaver dams habitats 243 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 beaver ponds lakes 245 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bench marks reference locations 246 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 benches (natural) ledges 247 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 benches (seafloor) seafloor features 249 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bends (river) river bends rivers bars (physiographic) Curves in the course of a stream and (or) the land within the curve; curves in a linear body of water. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 211 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 berms levees 252 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bights physiographic features bays capes Long gradual bends or gentle curves, or slight crescent-shaped indentations, in the shoreline of an open coast or of a bay. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 232 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 biogeographic regions biomes ecoregions vegetation regions barren lands deserts forests grasslands habitats jungles oases shrublands snow regions tundras wetlands physiographic features Geographic regions characterized chiefly by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 201 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 biomes biogeographic regions 254 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 blast furnaces industrial sites 264 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 blowholes physiographic features 266 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 blowouts physiographic features 267 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bluffs cliffs 268 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boardwalks recreational facilities 270 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boat houses marinas 271 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boat landings hydrographic structures 273 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boat launches hydrographic structures 275 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boat ramps hydrographic structures 276 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boat yards harbors 277 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boathouses marinas 278 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boatyards harbors 279 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bodies of water hydrographic features 280 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bogs wetlands 281 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 border posts buildings 282 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 borderlands (continental margins) continental margins 283 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boroughs countries, 2nd order divisions 285 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 botanical gardens parks 287 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bottomlands floodplains 288 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boulder fields physiographic features 289 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boundaries reference locations 290 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boundary markers reference locations 291 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 boundary regions administrative areas 1252 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 bowls (performance) performance sites 292 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 breakwaters moles (structural) seawalls hydrographic structures coastal zones harbors levees Structures built to break the force of waves or to restrain or direct current so as to protect a breach, harbor, or other waterfront facility. [USGS Circ 1048] 293 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 breweries commercial sites 296 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bridges covered bridges drawbridges overpasses trestles viaducts transportation features Structures erected over a depression or obstacle to carry traffic. [USGS Circ 1048] 297 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 brooks streams 303 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 buffer zones administrative areas 17 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 buildings administrative facilities adminstrative facilities animal pounds animal shelters aquariums barns border posts cabins castles city halls civic centers civil buildings club houses coast guard stations commissaries community centers community houses conference facilities consulates convention centers customs houses customs posts depots embassy buildings exhibition buildings facilities facility centers fire stations firehouses forest stations government buildings guard stations halls headquarters hostels hotels houses inns inspection stations legation buildings lodges missions motels neighborhood centers offices park headquarters patrol posts pavilions planetariums plazas police posts public buildings ranger stations restaurants shelters shops stations structures student unions studios substations taverns town halls trading posts treatment plants United States Government establishments visitor centers walls warehouses manmade features capitol buildings commercial sites court houses institutional sites library buildings museum buildings post office buildings research facilities residential sites military areas storage structures Permanent constructions that are roofed and usually walled. [USGS Circ 1048] 42 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 buoys reference locations 370 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 burial caves archaeological sites 135 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 burns (hydrographic) streams 371 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 burying grounds cemeteries 372 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 bushes shrublands 374 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 business centers commercial sites 375 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 buttes mesas 376 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cabins buildings 304 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 cableways transportation features Conveyor systems in which carrier units run on wire cables strung between supports. [USGS Circ 1048] 378 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cadastral areas township and range areas administrative areas land parcels Areas for which there exist public records, surveys, or maps of the value, extent, and ownership of land as a basis of taxation. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] Broad term changed from 'regions' to 'administrative areas' July 2002. 379 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cairns monuments Reference changed from 'landmarks' to 'monuments' July 2002. 382 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 calderas craters 384 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 campgrounds camps 385 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 camping sites camps 387 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 camps campgrounds camping sites logging camps oil camps refugee camps RV parks trailer parks (recreational) recreational facilities military areas Designated areas on which primitive structure(s) are erected for temporary shelter or where recreational vehicles are temporarily parked. [USGS Circ 1048] 386 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 camps (military) military areas 393 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 campuses educational facilities 394 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 canal bends canals 395 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 canal tunnels tunnels 396 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 canalized streams canals 398 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 canals canal bends canalized streams ditch mouths ditches drainage canals drainage ditches drains (channels) flumes (manmade) irrigation canals irrigation ditches irrigation systems laterals navigation canals underground irrigation canals hydrographic structures aqueducts channels locks transportation features tunnels Artificial waterways with no flow or a controlled flow used for navigation (canal), or for draining or irrigating land (ditch). [USGS Circ 1048] 129 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 canneries industrial sites 412 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cantons countries, 1st order divisions 413 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 canyons barrancas chasms flumes (natural) gorges gulches quebradas ravines valleys arroyos badlands cliffs submarine canyons Relatively narrow, deep depressions with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope [NIMA GEONet Designation ... Definitions http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/desig.html] 165 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 capes headlands peninsulas points (physiographic) promontories physiographic features bights Projection of land extending into a body of water that prominently marks a change in or interrupts the coastal trend of that water body. [USGS Circ 1048] 253 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 capitals county seats national capitals state capitals cities capitol buildings Towns or cities that are the official seats of government in a political entity, such as a state or nation. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 426 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 capitol buildings buildings capitals Buildings in which governmental legislatures meet. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 365 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 caravan routes roadways transportation features 431 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 carillons towers 433 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cascades waterfalls 435 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 casinos recreational facilities 437 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 castles buildings fortifications 305 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cataracts waterfalls 439 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 catchments drainage basins 440 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cathedrals religious facilities 441 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cattle dipping tanks agricultural sites 51 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 causeways roadways 443 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cave entrances caves 444 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 caverns caves 446 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 caves cave entrances caverns grottoes natural tunnels underground lakes physiographic features Natural underground passageways or chambers, or hollowed out cavities in the side of a cliff. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 445 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 cays islands 450 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cement plants industrial sites 451 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cemeteries burying grounds grave sites graves graveyards mausoleums memorial gardens sepulchers tombs manmade features historical sites monuments Areas of land for burying the dead with two or more graves. [USGS Circ 1048] 373 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 census areas statistical areas Defined areas in which an official, usually periodic enumeration of a population is carried out, often including the collection of related demographic information. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 459 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cerros mountains 460 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 channels chutes (hydrographic) cutoffs (hydrographic) inlets lake channels marine channels narrows (hydrographic) navigation channels reaches (hydrographic) sounds (bodies of water) straits hydrographic features bays canals guts rivers (a) Relatively narrow seas or stretches of water between two close landmasses and connecting two larger bodies of water; (b) Deeper parts of a moving body of water (as bays, estuaries, or straits) through which the main current flows or which affords the best passage through an area otherwise too shallow to navigate. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 233 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chapels religious facilities 472 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chapparal areas shrublands 473 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chart regions map regions Map regions showing coastlines, water depths, or other information of use to navigators. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 474 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chasms canyons 415 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 childrens homes residential sites 476 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chotts playas 477 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chrome mines mine sites 478 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 churches religious facilities 479 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 chutes (hydrographic) channels 461 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 cienagas wetlands 480 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cirques cwms physiographic features basins Bowl-like hollows partially surrounded by cliffs or steep slopes at the head of a glaciated valley. [NIMA GEONet Designation ... Definitions http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/desig.html] 218 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 cisterns storage structures 482 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cities municipalities towns urban areas populated places capitals Metropolitan Statistical Areas For smaller, less formally established communities, use 'populated places'. For independent cities, use 'countries, 2nd order divisions. Incorporated populated places. [Adapted from USGS Circ 1048] 430 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 city halls buildings 306 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 civic centers buildings 307 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 civil areas administrative areas 18 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 civil buildings buildings 1244 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 claims (land) land parcels 487 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 clearings grasslands 488 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 clefts cliffs 489 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cliff dwellings archaeological sites 136 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 cliffs bluffs clefts escarpments precipices scraps physiographic features canyons ledges ridges High vertical, near-vertical, or overhanging faces of rock, earth, or ice. [USGS Circ. 1048] 269 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 climatic regions regions Regions whose ecologic formations result from or are influenced by differences in climate. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 493 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 clinics medical facilities 494 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 club houses buildings 308 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 clubs (recreational) recreational facilities 495 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coal fields mineral deposit areas 496 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coal mines mine sites 497 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coalfields mineral deposit areas 498 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coast guard stations buildings 309 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 coastal plains coastal zones 499 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coastal zones coastal plains coasts intertidal zones offshore areas shorelines shores regions beaches breakwaters continental margins Strips of land (of indefinite width) that extend from the low-tide line inland to the first major change in landform features. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 240 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coasts coastal zones 500 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 coconut groves woods 505 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coliseums performance sites 507 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 colleges educational facilities 508 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 collieries mine sites 509 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cols gaps 510 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 commemorative areas parks 512 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 commercial sites banks (commercial) breweries business centers companies malls marketplaces markets shopping centers shopping malls stores wineries buildings industrial sites Structures or groups of structures used for the sale of products and services. [USGS Circ 1048] 194 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 commissaries buildings 310 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 commons parks 521 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 commonwealths political areas A nation, state, or other political unit: as a : one founded on law and united by compact or tacit agreement of the people for the common good. A state of the U.S. -- used officially of Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. An association of self-governing autonomous states more or less loosely associated in a common allegiance (as to the British crown). A political unit having local autonomy but voluntarily united with the U.S. -- used officially of Puerto Rico and of the Northern Ma 07/13/2003 07/13/2003 communes populated places 523 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 communication centers telecommunication features 524 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 communities populated places 525 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 community centers buildings 311 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 community houses buildings 312 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 companies commercial sites 513 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 compressor stations pipelines 526 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 concert halls performance sites 528 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 concession areas administrative areas 19 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 condominiums residential sites 529 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cones (geological) physiographic features 530 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 conference facilities buildings 313 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 confluences streams 531 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 conservation areas reserves 532 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 consulates buildings 314 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 continental divides mountains Drainage divides that separate streams flowing towards opposite sides of a continent, often into different oceans. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 533 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 continental margins borderlands (continental margins) continental rises continental shelves continental slopes platforms (continental margins) shelf edges (ocean) shelves, continental seafloor features coastal zones Ocean floor between the shoreline and the abyssal ocean floor. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 284 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 continental rises continental margins 534 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 continental shelves continental margins 535 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 continental slopes continental margins 536 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 continents land regions Earth's major land masses, including both dry land and continental shelves. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 540 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 control points reference locations 542 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 convalescent centers medical facilities 543 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 convention centers buildings 315 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 convents religious facilities 544 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cooper works industrial sites 545 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 copper mines mine sites 546 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coral reefs reefs Chains of coral at or near the surface. [USGS Circ 1048] 547 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cordilleras mountains 548 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 corn belts agricultural regions 1249 07/03/2002 07/03/2002 corrals agricultural sites 52 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 correctional facilities detention camps detention centers detention homes honor camps honor farms jails juvenile facilities labor camps penal camps penal farms penitentiaries prisons reformatories institutional sites Buildings and installations for the treatment of offenders (through a system of penal incarceration, rehabilitation, probation, and parole). [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 549 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 corridors transportation features 563 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cotton gins industrial sites 564 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cotton plantations agricultural sites 53 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 coulees arroyos 158 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 counties countries, 2nd order divisions 565 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 countries nations republics political areas Territory occupied by a large group of people organized under a single, usually independent government, and recognized as a country internationally. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 566 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 countries, 1st order divisions cantons first-order administrative divisions provinces states territories political areas First-order divisions of a nation. [USGS Circ 1048] 414 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 countries, 2nd order divisions boroughs counties judicial divisions municipios parishes second-order administrative divisions political areas Second-order divisions of a nation such as parishes, boroughs, counties, municipios, or judicial divisions, and independent cities such as those in Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia. [Adapted from USGS Circ 1048] 286 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 countries, 3rd order divisions barrios precincts third-order administrative divisions townships political areas Minor civil units. [USGS Circ 1048] 205 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 countries, 4th order divisions fourth-order administrative divisions political areas Minor civil units. [USGS Circ 1048] 580 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 country clubs recreational facilities 582 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 country houses housing areas 583 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 county seats capitals 427 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 court houses courthouses municipal courts buildings Buildings housing judicial courts, or the offices of a county governments. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 366 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 courthouses court houses 585 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 covered bridges bridges 298 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 covered reservoirs reservoirs 587 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 coves bays 229 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 crags natural rock formations 589 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 crater lakes lakes volcanic features 590 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 craters calderas physiographic features basins volcanoes Circular-shaped depressions at the summit of a volcanic core or on the surface of the land caused by the impact of a meteorite; man-made depressions caused by an explosion. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 219 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 creeks streams 593 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 crevasses physiographic features 594 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 croplands agricultural sites 54 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 crossings transportation features 595 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cuestas ridges 596 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 cultivated areas agricultural sites 55 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 cultivated croplands agricultural sites 56 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 currents ocean currents 597 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 customs houses buildings 316 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 customs posts buildings 317 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 cutoffs (hydrographic) channels 462 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 cwms cirques 481 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 dairies agricultural sites 57 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 dam sites dams spillways sub-surface dams weirs hydrographic structures levees Areas including a dam and associated structures functioning to control the flow or raise the level of water. [USGS Circ 1048] 599 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dams dam sites 600 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 data collection facilities meteorological stations satellite stations research facilities launch facilities reference locations research areas 604 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 deep-sea trenches ocean trenches 609 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 deeps (ocean) ocean trenches 611 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 defiles gaps 612 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 deltas physiographic features alluvial fans estuaries Flat plains formed by alluvial deposits at the mouth of a stream. [NIMA GEONet Designation ... Definitions http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/desig.html] Changed BT from 'hydrographic features' to 'physiographic features', July 2002. 97 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 demilitarized zones administrative areas 20 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 demonstration areas reserves 613 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dependent political entities political areas 614 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 depots buildings transportation features 318 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 depressions basins 215 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 deserts arid regions bajadas rock deserts sandy areas sandy deserts stony deserts biogeographic regions badlands barren lands dunes oases Regions rendered barren or partially barren by environmental extremes, especially by low rainfall. [USGS Circ 1048] 188 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 detention camps correctional facilities 550 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 detention centers correctional facilities 551 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 detention homes correctional facilities 552 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 diatomite mines mine sites 618 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dikes (manmade) levees 619 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dispensaries (medical) medical facilities 620 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 disposal sites dumps incinerators landfills mine dumps refuse disposal sites sanitary landfills scrap yards slag heaps tailing ponds tailings waste disposal sites wrecking yards manmade features mine sites waterworks Areas where refuse is dumped. [USGS Circ 1048] 621 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 distilleries industrial sites 635 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 distributaries streams 636 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 districts administrative areas 21 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ditch mouths canals 399 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ditches canals 400 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 dock yards harbors 637 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 docking basins harbors 638 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 docks piers 639 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dockyards harbors 641 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 domes (physiographic) anticlines 116 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 dormitories residential sites 642 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dragways sports facilities 643 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 drainage basins catchments headwaters watersheds hydrographic features basins floodplains streams Regions or areas bounded by drainage divides and occupied by drainage systems; specifically the tract of country that gathers water originating as precipitation and contributes it to a particular stream channel or system of channels, or to a lake, reservoir, or other body of water. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 220 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 drainage canals canals 401 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 drainage ditches canals 402 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 drains (channels) canals 403 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 drawbridges bridges 299 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 drives roadways 646 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 drumlins ridges glacier features Low, smoothly rounded, elongate oval hills, mounds or ridges of compact glacial till built under the margin of the ice and shaped by its flow, or carved out of an older moraine by readvancing ice. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 647 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dry docks harbors 649 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dry lakes lakes 650 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dry stream beds historical sites streams 651 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dumps disposal sites 622 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 dunes interdune troughs sandy areas physiographic features beaches deserts Low mounds, ridges, banks, or hills of loose, wind-blown granular material, either bare or covered with vegetation, capable of movement from place to place but always retaining their characteristic shape. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 241 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dwellings housing areas 653 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 dykes (geologic) volcanic features 654 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 earthquake features tectonic features faults folds (geologic) 655 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ecological research sites LTERs research areas 658 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 economic regions regions 660 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ecoregions biogeographic regions 255 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 eddies hydrographic features 661 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 educational facilities academies agricultural schools campuses colleges military schools schools seminaries training centers universities institutional sites library buildings research facilities Buildings or groups of buildings used as institutions for study, teaching, and learning. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 7 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 electric plants power generation sites 667 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 elevators (agricultural) storage structures 669 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 embankments levees 670 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 embassy buildings buildings 319 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 embayments bays 230 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 environmental areas reserves 671 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 equestrian centers sports facilities 672 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 escarpments cliffs 490 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 eskers ridges 673 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 estates land parcels 674 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 estuaries hydrographic features bays deltas fjords lakes wetlands Regions of interaction between rivers and near-shore ocean waters, where tidal action and river flow mix fresh and salt water. These brackish water ecosystems shelter and feed marine life, birds, and wildlife.. [EPA Terms of Environment http://www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/] 234 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 exhibition buildings buildings 320 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 experiment stations research facilities 675 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 experimental areas research areas 676 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 experimental fields research areas 677 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 facilities buildings 321 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 facility centers buildings 322 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 factories industrial sites 678 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fairgrounds recreational facilities 679 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 falls waterfalls 680 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fans (alluvial) alluvial fans 95 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 farms agricultural sites 58 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 farmsteads agricultural sites 59 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 fault zones grabens faults fracture zones Areas characterized by fractures in the Earth's crust. [Adapted from UGSG Circ 1048] 681 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 faults tectonic features fault zones rift zones earthquake features Fractures in the Earth's crust accompanied by a displacement of one side of the fracture with respect to the other. [UGSG Circ 1048] 657 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 feedlots agricultural sites 60 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 fens wetlands 685 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ferries transportation features 686 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 field campaigns research areas 687 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fields agricultural sites sports facilities 61 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 filter plants waterworks 688 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 filtration plants waterworks 689 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fiords fjords 690 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fire lookouts towers 691 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fire stations buildings 323 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 firebreaks fuelbreaks manmade features Areas cleared of vegetation for the purpose of impeding the progress of a grass or forest fire. [USGS Circ 1048] Broad term changed from 'regions' to 'manmade features' July 2002. 692 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 firehouses buildings 324 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 first-order administrative divisions countries, 1st order divisions 569 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 fish farms fisheries 694 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fish hatcheries fisheries 695 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fish ponds lakes 696 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fisheries aquacultural sites fish farms fish hatcheries hatcheries trout farms manmade features agricultural sites Pools of water and related structures used for spawning and growing of fish (that are subsequently used to stock lakes and streams). [USGS Circ 1048] 124 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fishing areas recreational facilities 699 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fishing lodges recreational facilities 700 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fishponds lakes 701 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fissures physiographic features 702 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fitness centers recreational facilities 703 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fjords fiords lochs bays estuaries guts Long narrow glacially-eroded inlets of the sea, U-shaped and steep-walled, generally several hundred meters deep, between high rocky cliffs or slopes along a mountainous coast. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 231 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 flats sabkhas physiographic features mesas plains plateaus playas Relatively level areas within regions of greater relief. [USGS GNIS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 705 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 flood control basins storage basins 709 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 floodplains bottomlands hydrographic features alluvial fans drainage basins Flat or nearly flat land along a river or stream or in a tidal area that is covered by water during a flood. [EPA Terms of Environment http://www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/] 98 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 floodways storage basins 710 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 flumes (manmade) canals 404 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 flumes (natural) canyons 416 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 fluvial features hydrographic features 711 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 folds (geologic) tectonic features anticlines synclines earthquake features Curves or bends of a planar structure such as rock strata, bedding planes, foliation or cleavage; usually products of deformation. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 117 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 football fields sports facilities 712 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 foothills mountains 713 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fords (crossings) transportation features 714 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 forest reserves forests reserves 715 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 forest stations buildings 325 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 forested wetlands wetlands 716 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 forests forest reserves national forests biogeographic regions petrified forests rain forests woods Dense growths of trees, plants, and underbrush covering a large area. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 258 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 forges industrial sites 720 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 forks (physiographic features) streams valleys 721 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fortalices fortifications 1260 07/15/2003 07/15/2003 fortifications castles fortalices forts moats (manmade) redoubts stockades manmade features military areas General term for any works made to oppose a small number of troops against a greater. [Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus] 438 09/27/2001 07/15/2003 forts fortifications military areas 722 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fossilized forests petrified forests 726 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 foundaries industrial sites 727 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fourth-order administrative divisions countries, 4th order divisions 581 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 fracture zones seafloor features fault zones Elongated zones of unusually irregular topography on the deep-sea floor that often separate regions of different depths [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] Broad term changed from 'faults' to 'seafloor features' July 2002. 683 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 free trade zones administrative areas 22 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 freely associated states political areas 728 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fringing reefs reefs 729 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fuel depots transportation features 730 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 fuelbreaks firebreaks 693 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 fumaroles thermal features 731 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 furnaces (industrial) industrial sites 733 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 furrows physiographic features 734 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gaging stations hydrographic structures Structures used to measure the condition of a hydrographic feature. [USGS Circ 1048] 735 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 galleries museum buildings 736 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 game management areas reserves 737 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gaps cols defiles passes saddles (physiographic) sills (physiographic) physiographic features valleys Ravines or gorges cut deeply through mountain ridges, or between hills or mountains. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 511 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 garages parking sites 741 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gardens parks 743 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gas fields oil fields 744 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gas pipelines pipelines 746 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gas-oil separation plants industrial sites 747 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gasfields oil fields 748 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gates (manmade) transportation features 749 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 generating centers power generation sites 750 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 generation sites power generation sites 751 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 geodectic stations reference locations 752 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 geographic centers reference locations 753 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 geological features physiographic features 754 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 geysers thermal features 755 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 glacier features glaciers nunataks ice masses drumlins moraines Bodies or streams of ice moving outward and downslope from an area of accumulation; areas of relatively permanent snow or ice on the top or side of a mountain or mountainous area. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 648 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 glaciers glacier features 756 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 glades grasslands 760 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 glens valleys 761 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gold mines mine sites 762 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 golf clubs sports facilities 763 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 golf courses sports facilities 764 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gorges canyons 417 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 governed places administrative areas 1242 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 government buildings buildings 326 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 grabens fault zones 682 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 grades (physiographic) physiographic features 765 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 granges agricultural sites 62 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 grasslands clearings glades grazing areas meadows pampas prairies savannahs savannas biogeographic regions Extensive noncultivated areas where vegetation is dominated by grasses or grass-like plants. [USGS Circ 1048] 259 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 grave sites cemeteries 452 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 gravel pits mine sites 772 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 graves cemeteries 453 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 graveyards cemeteries 454 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 grazing allotments agricultural sites 1247 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 grazing areas grasslands 766 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 grist mills industrial sites 773 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 grottoes caves 447 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 groves woods 774 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 guard stations buildings 327 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 guest houses housing areas 775 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gulches canyons 418 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 gulfs hydrographic features bays Largest of various forms of inlets of the sea; usually larger, more enclosed, and more deeply indented than bays. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 235 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gullies arroyos 159 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 gun clubs recreational facilities 776 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 guts hydrographic features channels fjords rivers streams wetlands Relatively small coastal waterways connecting larger bodies of water or other waterways. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 471 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 guyots seamounts 777 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 gymnasiums sports facilities 779 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 habitats beaver dams rookeries biogeographic regions reserves Particular environments or places where an organism or species tends to live. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 244 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 halls buildings 328 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 halting places (transportation) transportation features 781 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hamlets populated places 782 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hammocks physiographic features 783 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hanging valleys valleys 784 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 harbors anchorages anclajes boat yards boatyards dock yards docking basins dockyards dry docks harbours marine terminals moorings ports roadsteads (anchorages) seaports turning basins hydrographic structures marinas breakwaters piers transportation features Sheltered areas of water where ships or other watercraft can anchor or dock. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 107 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 harbours harbors 785 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 hatcheries fisheries 697 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 headlands capes 422 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 headquarters buildings 329 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 headstreams streams 1259 07/15/2003 07/15/2003 headwaters drainage basins 644 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 health facilities medical facilities 791 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 heaths shrublands 792 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 helibases heliports 793 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 helipads heliports 794 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 heliports helibases helipads helistops airport features Places for helicopters to land and take off. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 92 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 helistops heliports 795 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 hermitages housing areas 796 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 highway maintenance sites transportation features 797 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 highways roadways 798 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hills mountains 799 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 historic sites historical sites 800 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 historical landmarks historical sites 801 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 historical markers historical sites 802 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 historical parks historical sites 803 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 historical sites battle grounds battle sites battlefields dry stream beds historic sites historical landmarks historical markers historical parks lake beds massacre sites ruins war zones wreck sites wrecks manmade features archaeological sites cemeteries monuments parks 139 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hogbacks ridges 809 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 holes (seafloor) seafloor features 810 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hollows valleys 811 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 homes residential sites 812 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 homesteads populated places 813 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 honor camps correctional facilities 553 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 honor farms correctional facilities 554 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 hospitals medical facilities 814 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hostels buildings 330 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 hot springs thermal features 815 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hotels buildings 331 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 houses buildings housing areas 332 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 housing areas country houses dwellings guest houses hermitages houses housing developments huts neighborhoods (residential) subdivisions residential sites Groups of buildings and neighborhoods in which people live. 584 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 housing developments housing areas 816 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 hunt posts recreational facilities 820 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hunting lodges recreational facilities 821 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hunting reserves reserves 822 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 huts housing areas 817 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 hydroelectric power stations power generation sites 823 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hydrographic features bodies of water eddies fluvial features marine features overfalls upwellings water bodies waterholes whirlpools aquifers bays channels drainage basins estuaries floodplains gulfs guts ice masses lakes seas streams thermal features hydrographic structures oases For natural bodies of water. For constructed waterways, reservoirs, and such, use 'hydrographic structures'. 131 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hydrographic structures boat landings boat launches boat ramps sluices water mills manmade features breakwaters canals dam sites gaging stations harbors levees offshore platforms piers reservoirs waterworks hydrographic features seaplane bases transportation features wells For constructed bodies of water. For natural water bodies, use 'hydrographic features'. 274 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 hydrothermal vents seafloor features Cracks along a rift or ridge in the deep ocean floor that spews out water heated to high temperature by the magma under the Earth's crust. [Columbia Electronic Encyc., 1999] 834 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ice fields ice masses 835 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ice masses ice fields ice patches ice sheets icebergs icecap depressions icecap domes icecaps icefalls hydrographic features glacier features snow regions Fields of ice, formed in regions of perennial frost. [USGS Circ 1048] 758 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ice patches ice masses 836 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ice sheets ice masses 837 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ice skating rinks recreational facilities 843 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 icebergs ice masses 838 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 icecap depressions ice masses 839 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 icecap domes ice masses 840 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 icecap ridges ridges 844 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 icecaps ice masses 841 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 icefalls ice masses 842 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 incinerators disposal sites 623 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 inclines physiographic features 845 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 independent political entities political areas 846 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 indian reservations tribal areas 847 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 indian reserves tribal areas 848 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 industrial areas industrial sites 849 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 industrial parks industrial sites 850 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 industrial sites blast furnaces canneries cement plants cooper works cotton gins distilleries factories forges foundaries furnaces (industrial) gas-oil separation plants grist mills industrial areas industrial parks limekilns mill sites mills millsites munitions plants oil refineries olive oil mills ore treatment plants phosphate works plants (industrial) processing plants production buildings refineries sawmills smelters sugar mills sugar refineries tank farms whaling stations commercial sites power generation sites Groups of associated structures functioning as a unit used for refining a material or manufacturing a product. [USGS Circ 1048] 265 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 infantry camps military areas 869 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 infirmaries medical facilities 870 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 inland seas lakes 871 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 inlets channels 463 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 inns buildings 333 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 inspection stations buildings 334 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 institutes institutional sites 872 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 institutional sites institutes institutions buildings correctional facilities educational facilities medical facilities religious facilities research facilities Groups of buildings or associated structures functioning as a unit used predominantly for educational. correctional, governmental, medical, or religious purposes. [USGS Circ 1048] 367 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 institutions institutional sites 873 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 interdune troughs dunes 652 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 interfluves plains 874 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent lakes lakes 875 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent oxbow lakes lakes 876 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent ponds lakes 877 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent pools lakes 878 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent reservoirs reservoirs 879 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent salt lakes lakes 880 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent salt ponds lakes 881 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent streams streams 882 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intermittent wetlands wetlands 883 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intersections roadways 884 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 intertidal zones coastal zones 501 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 iron mines mine sites 885 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 irrigated fields agricultural sites 63 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 irrigation canals canals 405 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 irrigation ditches canals 406 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 irrigation systems canals 407 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 island arcs islands 886 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 islands atolls cays island arcs isles islets keys (islands) land-tied islands mangrove islands land regions archipelagos bars (physiographic) Tracts of land smaller than a continent, surrounded by the water of an ocean, sea, lake or stream. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 147 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 isles islands 887 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 islets islands 888 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 isthmuses physiographic features Narrow sections of land in a body of water connecting two larger land areas. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 892 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 jails correctional facilities 555 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 jetties piers 893 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 judicial divisions countries, 2nd order divisions 573 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 jungles biogeographic regions rain forests Tropical regions of wild, tangled, dense vegetation. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 260 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 juvenile facilities correctional facilities 556 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 karst areas physiographic features Areas of geologic formations of irregular limestone deposits with sinks, underground streams, and caverns. [EPA Terms of Environment http://www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/] 894 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 kavirs playas 895 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 keys (islands) islands 889 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 knolls mountains 896 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 labor camps correctional facilities 557 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 laboratories research facilities 897 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lagoons lakes 898 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 laguna lakes 899 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lake beds historical sites lakes 804 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lake channels channels 464 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 lake districts land regions 900 09/27/2001 11/09/2004 lake regions land regions 901 09/27/2001 11/09/2004 lakes beaver ponds crater lakes dry lakes fish ponds fishponds inland seas intermittent lakes intermittent oxbow lakes intermittent ponds intermittent pools intermittent salt lakes intermittent salt ponds lagoons laguna lake beds lochs millponds oxbow lakes ponds pools (water bodies) salt evaporation ponds salt lakes salt ponds tarns hydrographic features basins estuaries reservoirs wetlands Use 'reservoirs' for human engineered lakes. Natural inland bodies of standing water, generally of appreciable size, occupying a depression in the Earth's surface. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 221 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 land grants land parcels 910 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 land parcels claims (land) estates land grants lots (land parcels) tracts cadastral areas Tracts or plots of the Earth's surface distinguishable by ownership. [USGS Circ 1048] 381 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 land regions lake districts lake regions regions continents islands subcontinents Use for land areas distinguished from ocean areas as well as general land-based regions without a more specific type designation. 541 09/27/2001 11/09/2004 land-tied islands islands 890 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 landfills disposal sites 624 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 landing fields airport features 89 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 landing strips airport features 90 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 landmarks (monuments) monuments The term 'landmarks' was made a non-preferred term, July 2002. Previous types of entries using this term included 'cairns' (now USE 'monuments') and 'observation points' (now USE 'viewing locations'). 383 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 landmarks (reference locations) reference locations 1240 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 landslides physiographic features 914 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 laterals canals 408 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 launch facilities missile sites manmade features data collection facilities reference locations research areas Areas from which rockets/missiles may be housed and projected, usually equipped with associated buildings and facilities. [USGS Circ 1048] 607 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lava areas lava fields 916 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lava fields lava areas volcanic features Areas of formations resulting from the consolidation of molten rock on the surface of the Earth. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 917 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 lead mines mine sites 918 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 leased areas (government) administrative areas 23 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 leased zones (government) administrative areas 24 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ledges benches (natural) physiographic features cliffs Narrow shelves or projections of rock formed on a rock wall or cliff face. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 248 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 legation buildings buildings 335 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 leper colonies residential sites 919 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 leprosariums medical facilities 920 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 levees berms dikes (manmade) embankments revetments hydrographic structures banks (hydrographic) breakwaters dam sites piers Artificial embankments built along the bank of a watercourse or an arm of the sea, to protect land from inundation or to confine streamflow to its channel. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 197 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 libraries library buildings 922 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 library buildings archive buildings archives libraries buildings educational facilities 149 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 light houses reference locations 923 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 light stations reference locations 924 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lighthouses reference locations 925 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 limekilns industrial sites 851 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 linguistic regions regions 1255 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 llanos plains 926 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 locales populated places 927 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 localities populated places 928 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lochs fjords lakes 704 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 locks transportation features canals Stretches of water in canals, streams, or docks, enclosed by gates at each end, and used in raising and lowering boats as they pass from one water level to another. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 411 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lodes (mineral) mineral deposit areas 929 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lodges buildings 336 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 logging camps camps 388 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 lookout (vista) viewing locations 930 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lost rivers streams 931 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 lots (land parcels) land parcels 911 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 LTERs ecological research sites 659 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 malls commercial sites 514 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 management areas (reserves) reserves 932 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 maneuver areas military areas 933 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mangrove islands islands 891 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mangrove swamps wetlands 934 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 manmade features agricultural sites buildings cemeteries disposal sites firebreaks fisheries fortifications historical sites hydrographic structures launch facilities mine sites monuments oil fields parks recreational facilities reference locations research areas reserves storage structures telecommunication features towers transportation features wells windmills 78 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mansions residential sites 936 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 map quadrangle regions quadrangle regions topographic quadrangle regions map regions Regions on rectangular maps bounded by parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude, generally published in a series with prescribed scale. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 937 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 map regions regions chart regions map quadrangle regions UTM zones 475 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 marinas boat houses boathouses harbors Harbor facilities for recreational craft where supplies, repairs, and various services are available. [USGS Circ 1048] 272 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 marine channels channels 465 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 marine features hydrographic features 824 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 marine parks parks 941 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 marine regions ocean regions 942 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 marine terminals harbors 786 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 markers reference locations 944 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 marketplaces commercial sites 515 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 markets commercial sites 516 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 marshes wetlands 945 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 massacre sites historical sites 805 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 massifs physiographic features mountains plateaus Massive topographic and structural features, commonly formed of rocks more rigid than those of their surroundings. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 946 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mausoleums cemeteries 455 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 meadows grasslands 767 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 meander necks physiographic features 947 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 meanders streams 948 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 median valleys valleys 949 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 medical centers medical facilities 950 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 medical facilities asylums clinics convalescent centers dispensaries (medical) health facilities hospitals infirmaries leprosariums medical centers nursing homes rehabilitation centers sanatariums sanatoriums veterinary facilities institutional sites residential sites 178 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 memorial gardens cemeteries 456 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 memorials monuments 956 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mesas buttes physiographic features flats mountains plains plateaus Very broad, flat-topped, usually isolated hills or mountains of moderate height bounded on at least one side by a steep cliff or slope and representing an erosion remnant. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 377 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 meteorological stations data collection facilities 605 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 metropolitan areas populated places 957 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 Metropolitan Statistical Areas MSAs statistical areas cities populated places Defined urbanized areas for statistical purposes meeting requirements of the Census Bureau. [Adapted from http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/aboutmetro.html] 486 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 metrorail stations railroad features 959 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 milestones reference locations 961 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 military areas air force bases army facilities arsenals artillery ranges barracks bases (military) camps (military) forts infantry camps maneuver areas military bases military installations national guard facilities naval bases administrative areas buildings camps fortifications 30 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 military bases military areas 962 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 military installations military areas 963 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 military schools educational facilities 662 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mill sites industrial sites 852 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 millponds lakes 902 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mills industrial sites 853 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 millsites industrial sites 854 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mine dumps disposal sites 625 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mine entrances mine sites 966 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mine shafts mine sites 967 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mine sites adits (mine sites) chrome mines coal mines collieries copper mines diatomite mines gold mines gravel pits iron mines lead mines mine entrances mine shafts mines mining areas mining camps nickel mines open pit mines placer mines quarries salt mines strip mines tin mines manmade features disposal sites mineral deposit areas wells Places or areas from which commercial minerals are or were removed by excavation from the Earth. [Adapted from USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 14 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 mineral deposit areas coal fields coalfields lodes (mineral) petroleum basins placers salt deposit areas physiographic features basins mine sites Areas where masses of naturally occurring mineral material are found, e.g. metal ores or nonmetallic minerals. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 222 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mineral springs springs (hydrographic) 981 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mines mine sites 968 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mining areas mine sites 969 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mining camps mine sites 970 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mires wetlands 983 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 missile sites launch facilities 915 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 missions buildings 337 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 moats (manmade) fortifications 723 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 moats (seafloor) seafloor features 984 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mobile home parks residential sites 985 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mobile home sites residential sites 986 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 moles (structural) breakwaters 294 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 monasteries religious facilities residential sites 987 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 monuments cairns landmarks (monuments) memorials national monuments pyramids shrines statues tombs manmade features archaeological sites cemeteries historical sites parks Structures erected as memorials. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 140 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 moorings harbors 787 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 moors shrublands 991 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 moraines physiographic features glacier features Accumulations of earth and stones carried and deposited by a glacier. [USGS Circ 1048] 759 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mosques religious facilities 992 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 motels buildings 338 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mounds mountains 993 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mountain crests mountain summits 994 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mountain ranges ranges (physiographic) sierra mountains (a) Chains of hills or mountains; (b) somewhat linear, complex mountainous or hilly areas. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 995 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 mountain summits ahus mountain crests nunataks peaks summits mountains ridges Peaks of mountains. [USGS Circ 1048] 80 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mountains cerros cordilleras foothills hills knolls mounds mounts physiographic features continental divides mountain ranges mountain summits ridges anticlines massifs mesas seamounts volcanoes Landmasses that project conspicuously above their surroundings. [USGS Circ 1048] 118 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 mounts mountains 1000 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 MSAs Metropolitan Statistical Areas 958 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 mud flats wetlands 1001 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 multinational entities political areas 1243 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 municipal courts court houses 586 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 municipalities cities 483 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 municipios countries, 2nd order divisions 574 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 munitions plants industrial sites 855 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 museum buildings art galleries galleries museums buildings Buildings where the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, or artistic value takes place. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 170 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 museums museum buildings 1002 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 narrows (hydrographic) channels 466 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 natatoriums sports facilities 1003 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 national capitals capitals 428 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 national forests forests parks 717 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 national guard facilities military areas 964 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 national monuments monuments 988 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 national parks parks 1004 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 national seashores parks 1005 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 nations countries 567 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 natural areas reserves 1006 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 natural bridges arches (natural formation) 143 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 natural rock formations crags pillars (natural formation) pinnacles (natural formation) rock towers rocks stones physiographic features arches (natural formation) Naturally formed topographic features, commonly differing conspicuously from adjacent objects or material. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 145 09/27/2001 07/15/2003 natural tunnels caves 448 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 nature reserves reserves 1011 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 naval bases military areas 965 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 navigation canals canals 409 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 navigation channels channels 467 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 neighborhood centers buildings 339 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 neighborhoods (residential) housing areas 818 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 neutral zones (political) administrative areas 1253 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 nickel mines mine sites 971 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 novitiates religious facilities residential sites 1012 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 nuclear power plants power generation sites 1013 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 nunataks glacier features mountain summits 757 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 nurseries agricultural sites 64 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 nursing homes medical facilities residential sites 951 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oases biogeographic regions deserts hydrographic features springs (hydrographic) Fertile, vegetated areas in the midst of a desert, where the water table has come close enough to the surface for wells and springs or seepages to exist, thus making them suitable for human habitation. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 261 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oblasts political areas 1014 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 observation points viewing locations 1015 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 observation sites research areas 1016 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 observatories research facilities 1017 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 observatorios research facilities 1018 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ocean currents currents oceans Broadly, currents in the ocean - tidal or nontidal, permanent or seasonal, horizontal or vertical - characterized by regularity, either as a continuous streams flowing along a definable path, or less commonly of a cyclic nature. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 598 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ocean floor features seafloor features 1020 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ocean regions marine regions oceans regions Use for sub-regions of oceans and seas. 943 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ocean trenches deep-sea trenches deeps (ocean) trenches (seafloor) troughs (seafloor) seafloor features submarine canyons The topographic expression of subduction; the large linear depression of the oceanic lithosphere at a subduction zone. [Penguin Dict. of Geology, Kearey] Narrow, elongate depressions of the deep-sea floor associated with a subduction zone. They are oriented parallel to volcanic arcs and commonly to the edge of the continent, between the continental margin and the abyssal hills. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 610 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oceans seas ocean currents ocean regions Continuous salt-water bodies that surround the continents and fill the Earth's great depressions. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 1019 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 offices buildings 340 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 offshore areas coastal zones 502 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 offshore platforms artificial islands oil platforms platforms (offshore) hydrographic structures oil fields Structures erected in a sea primarily, but not exclusively, for the extraction of petroleum products. [Adapted from USGS Circ 1048] 172 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oil camps camps 389 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 oil fields gas fields gasfields oilfields petroleum fields storage fields (petroleum) manmade features offshore platforms wells Areas with reserves of recoverable petroleum or where petroleum has been removed from the Earth. [Adapted from USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 745 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 oil palm plantations agricultural sites 65 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 oil pipeline junctions pipelines 1028 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oil pipeline terminals pipelines 1029 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oil pipelines pipelines 1030 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oil platforms offshore platforms 1023 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 oil pumping stations pipelines 1031 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oil refineries industrial sites 856 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 oil wells wells 1032 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 oilfields oil fields 1025 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 olive groves woods 1033 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 olive oil mills industrial sites 857 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 open pit mines mine sites 972 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 opera houses performance sites 1034 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 orchards agricultural sites 66 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ore treatment plants industrial sites 858 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 orphanages residential sites 1035 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 overfalls hydrographic features 825 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 overpasses bridges 300 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 oxbow lakes lakes 903 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pagodas towers 1036 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 palaces residential sites 1037 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 paleontological sites research areas archaeological sites petrified forests Sites with notable fossil remains. 141 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 palm groves woods 1038 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 palm tree reserves reserves 1039 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 pampas grasslands 768 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pans (geologic) basins 216 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 parishes countries, 2nd order divisions 575 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 park gates parks 1040 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 park headquarters buildings 341 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 parking lots parking sites 1041 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 parking sites garages parking lots transportation features Designated areas where motor vehicles are left temporarily. [USGS Circ 1048] 742 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 parks arboretums botanical gardens commemorative areas commons gardens marine parks national forests national parks national seashores park gates picnic areas playgrounds provincial parks public use areas recreation areas rest areas scenic areas state forests state parks urban parks village squares wilderness areas zoological gardens zoos manmade features viewing locations historical sites monuments recreational facilities reserves trails Places or areas developed for public use or recreation. [USGS Circ 1048] Broad term changed from 'administrative areas' to 'manmade features', July 2002. 31 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 parkways roadways 1058 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 parsonages residential sites 1059 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 passes gaps 738 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pastoral sites agricultural sites 1246 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pastures agricultural sites 67 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 patrol posts buildings 342 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pavilions buildings 343 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 peaks mountain summits 998 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 peat cutting areas wetlands 1060 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 peatlands wetlands 1061 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 penal camps correctional facilities 558 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 penal farms correctional facilities 559 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 peninsulas capes 423 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 penitentiaries correctional facilities 560 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 performance sites amphitheaters amphitheatres auditoriums bowls (performance) coliseums concert halls opera houses playhouses recital halls stages (performance) symphony halls theaters theatres recreational facilities sports facilities Buildings where cultural events are presented before an audience. 101 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 petrified forests fossilized forests forests paleontological sites Fossilized remains of large dense growths of trees. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 718 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 petroglyphs archaeological sites 137 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 petroleum basins mineral deposit areas 978 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 petroleum fields oil fields 1026 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 phosphate works industrial sites 859 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 physical education facilities sports facilities 1068 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 physiographic features aprons (geological) blowholes blowouts boulder fields cones (geological) crevasses fissures furrows geological features grades (physiographic) hammocks inclines landslides meander necks pitches (physiographic) polders potholes rockfalls sinkholes sinks siphon (physiographic) slides (natural) slopes talus slopes terraces (physiographic) uplands alluvial fans arroyos badlands banks (hydrographic) bars (physiographic) basins beaches bights capes caves cirques cliffs craters deltas dunes flats gaps isthmuses karst areas ledges massifs mesas mineral deposit areas moraines mountains natural rock formations plains plateaus playas reefs seafloor features tectonic features valleys volcanic features biogeographic regions 96 09/27/2001 11/08/2004 picnic areas parks 1042 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 piers docks jetties quays wharves hydrographic structures harbors levees Structures used to protect a harbor or shore, and serving also as a promenade or as landing places for vessels. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 640 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 pillars (natural formation) natural rock formations 1007 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pine groves woods 1083 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 pinnacles (natural formation) natural rock formations 1008 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pipelines compressor stations gas pipelines oil pipeline junctions oil pipeline terminals oil pipelines oil pumping stations pump houses pumphouses pumping stations water pumping stations transportation features waterworks A tubular conduit of substantial length, with pumps, valves, and control devices, for conveying fluids, gases, or finely divided solids. [USGS Circ 1048] Tubular conduits of substantial length, with pumps, valves, and control devices, for conveying fluids, gases, or finely divided solids. [USGS Circ 1048] 527 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 pistol ranges (sport) sports facilities 1088 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 pitches (physiographic) physiographic features 1069 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 placer mines mine sites 973 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 placers mineral deposit areas 979 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 plains interfluves llanos physiographic features flats mesas plateaus Regions of general uniform slope, comparatively level and of considerable extent. [USGS Circ 1048] 707 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 planetariums buildings 344 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 plantations agricultural sites 68 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 plants (industrial) industrial sites 860 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 plaques reference locations 1089 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 plateaus table mountains tablelands physiographic features flats massifs mesas plains Comparatively flat areas of great extent and elevation; specif. extensive land regions considerably above the adjacent country or above sea level; commonly limited on at least one side by an abrupt descent, have flat or nearly smooth surfaces but are often dissected by deep valleys and surmounted by high hills or mountains, and have a large part of their total surface at or near the summit level. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 708 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 platforms (continental margins) continental margins 537 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 platforms (offshore) offshore platforms 1024 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 playas chotts kavirs physiographic features basins flats wetlands Closed depressions in an arid or semi-arid region that are periodically inundated by surface runoff, or the salt flat within such a closed basin.[Encyc. Dictionary of Physical Geography] 223 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 playgrounds parks recreational facilities 1043 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 playhouses performance sites 1062 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 plazas buildings 345 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 points (physiographic) capes 424 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 polders physiographic features 1070 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 poles (sphere) reference locations 1092 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 police posts buildings 346 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 political areas commonwealths dependent political entities freely associated states independent political entities oblasts political entities semi-independent political entities administrative areas countries countries, 1st order divisions countries, 2nd order divisions countries, 3rd order divisions countries, 4th order divisions multinational entities reserves 32 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 political entities political areas 1093 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 polo fields sports facilities 1095 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ponds lakes 904 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pools (water bodies) lakes 905 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pools, swimming sports facilities 1096 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 populated localities populated places 1097 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 populated places agricultural colonies communes communities hamlets homesteads locales localities metropolitan areas populated localities ppl pueblos settlements suburbs villages religious populated places administrative areas cities Metropolitan Statistical Areas Places or areas with clustered or scattered buildings and a permanent human population. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 33 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 portages transportation features 1104 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ports harbors 788 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 post office buildings post offices buildings Buildings where mail is received, sorted, and delivered, and where stamps and other postal materials are sold. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 368 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 post offices post office buildings 1105 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 postal areas zip code areas administrative areas Designated zones of a country for efficient sorting and delivery of mail. 34 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 potholes physiographic features 1071 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 power generation sites electric plants generating centers generation sites hydroelectric power stations nuclear power plants power plants power stations powerhouses solar power generation sites steam plants windmill power generation sites industrial sites A group of associated structures functioning as a unit used for generating electricity. [USGS Circ 1048] Groups of associated structures functioning as a unit used for generating electricity. [USGS Circ 1048] 668 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 power plants power generation sites 1107 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 power stations power generation sites 1108 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 powerhouses power generation sites 1109 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ppl populated places 1098 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 prairies grasslands 769 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 precincts countries, 3rd order divisions 577 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 precipices cliffs 491 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 prefectures administrative areas 25 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 preserves reserves 1113 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 primitive areas reserves 1114 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 prisons correctional facilities 561 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 processing plants industrial sites 861 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 production buildings industrial sites 1245 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 promenades trails 1115 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 promontories capes 425 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 protected areas reserves 1116 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 protectorates administrative areas 26 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 provinces countries, 1st order divisions 570 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 provincial parks parks 1044 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 proving grounds research facilities 1117 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 public buildings buildings 347 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 public use areas parks 1045 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pueblos populated places 1099 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pump houses pipelines 1084 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pumphouses pipelines 1085 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pumping stations pipelines 1086 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 pyramids archaeological sites monuments 138 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 quadrangle regions map quadrangle regions 938 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 quagmires wetlands 1118 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 quarries mine sites 974 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 quays piers 1081 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 quebradas canyons 419 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 quicksand areas bars (physiographic) 207 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 race tracks sports facilities 1119 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 racecourses sports facilities 1120 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 racetracks sports facilities 1121 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 raceways sports facilities 1122 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 radio observatories research facilities 1123 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 radio stations telecommunication features 1124 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 railroad features metrorail stations railroad junctions railroad sidings railroad spurs railroad stations railroad stops railroad switches railroad yards railways subway stations switches (railroad) tramways transportation features 960 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 railroad junctions railroad features 1125 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railroad sidings railroad features 1126 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railroad spurs railroad features 1127 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railroad stations railroad features 1128 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railroad stops railroad features 1129 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railroad switches railroad features 1130 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railroad tunnels tunnels 1136 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 railroad yards railroad features 1131 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 railways railroad features 1132 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rain forests forests jungles Forests where the annual rainfall is at least 100 inches. The regions are characterized by tall, lush, evergreen trees. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 719 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ramps (seafloor) seafloor features 1137 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ranches agricultural sites 69 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ranger stations buildings 348 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ranges (physiographic) mountain ranges 996 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rapids rivers bars (physiographic) Fast-flowing sections of a stream, often shallow and with exposed rock or boulders. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 212 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 ravines canyons 420 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 reaches (hydrographic) channels 468 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 recital halls performance sites 1063 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 recreation areas parks 1046 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 recreation sites recreational facilities 1138 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 recreational facilities access areas access sites boardwalks casinos clubs (recreational) country clubs fairgrounds fishing areas fishing lodges fitness centers gun clubs hunt posts hunting lodges ice skating rinks playgrounds recreation sites resorts riding stables spas sportsman lodges stables yacht clubs youth centers youth facilities manmade features amusement parks camps performance sites sports facilities parks 11 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 rectories residential sites 1147 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 redoubts fortifications 724 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 reefs barrier reefs fringing reefs physiographic features coral reefs bars (physiographic) seafloor features Chains of rocks or coral at or near the surface of water. [USGS Circ 1048] 203 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 reference locations astronomical stations beacons bench marks boundaries boundary markers buoys control points geodectic stations geographic centers landmarks (reference locations) light houses light stations lighthouses markers milestones plaques poles (sphere) triangulation stations walls manmade features data collection facilities launch facilities research areas towers 35 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 refineries industrial sites 862 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 reflectors research facilities 1149 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 reformatories correctional facilities 562 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 refugee camps camps 390 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 refuse disposal sites disposal sites 626 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 regions agricultural regions biogeographic regions climatic regions coastal zones economic regions land regions linguistic regions map regions ocean regions (a) Large, indefinite portions of the earth's surface. (b) Specified districts or territories. (c) Areas of interest or activity; spheres. (d) Ecology. Parts of the earth characterized by distinctive animal or plant life. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 257 09/27/2001 11/09/2004 rehabilitation centers medical facilities 952 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 religious centers religious facilities 1150 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 religious facilities cathedrals chapels churches convents monasteries mosques novitiates religious centers religious sites retreats (religious) sanctuaries (religious) synagogues tabernacles temples religious populated places institutional sites Places built for the observance of faith and the pursuit of a religious life. 442 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 religious populated places populated places religious facilities 1100 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 religious sites religious facilities 1151 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 republics countries 568 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 research areas experimental areas experimental fields field campaigns observation sites study areas test sites manmade features ecological research sites paleontological sites data collection facilities launch facilities reference locations research facilities Broad term changed from 'regions' to 'manmade features' July 2002. 608 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 research facilities accelerators archaeological centers atomic centers experiment stations laboratories observatories observatorios proving grounds radio observatories reflectors research institutes scientific research bases space centers telescopes weather stations buildings data collection facilities archaeological sites educational facilities institutional sites research areas 9 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 research institutes research facilities 1159 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 reservations (indian) tribal areas 1164 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 reservations (nature sites) reserves 1165 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 reserves agricultural reserves conservation areas demonstration areas environmental areas forest reserves game management areas hunting reserves management areas (reserves) natural areas nature reserves palm tree reserves preserves primitive areas protected areas reservations (nature sites) roadless areas sanctuaries (wildlife) wildlife areas wildlife refuges wildlife reserves manmade features habitats parks political areas Areas set aside for the preservation of fauna, flora, and their natural habitats. [Macmillan Encyc., 2001] Broad term changed from 'administrative areas' to 'manmade features' July 2002. 36 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 reservoirs covered reservoirs intermittent reservoirs hydrographic structures lakes waterworks Artificially impounded bodies of water. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 588 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 residences residential sites 1257 07/15/2003 07/15/2003 residential sites apartment blocks apartment houses barracks childrens homes condominiums dormitories homes leper colonies mansions mobile home sites monasteries novitiates nursing homes orphanages palaces parsonages rectories residences rowhouses trailer parks (residential) villas buildings housing areas mobile home parks medical facilities 120 09/27/2001 07/15/2003 resorts recreational facilities 1139 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rest areas parks 1047 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 restaurants buildings 349 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 resthouses transportation features 1174 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 retention basins storage basins 1175 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 retreats (religious) religious facilities 1152 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 revetments levees 921 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rice fields agricultural sites 70 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rice growing regions agricultural regions 1251 07/03/2002 07/03/2002 ridges aretes beach ridges cuestas eskers hogbacks icecap ridges rises (seafloor) spurs (physiographic) mountains drumlins cliffs mountain summits seafloor features Elevations with a narrow, elongated crest which can be part of a hill or mountain. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 155 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 riding stables recreational facilities 1140 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rifle ranges sports facilities 1178 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 rift zones faults 684 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rios rivers 1179 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 riparian areas wetlands 1180 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 rises (seafloor) ridges seafloor features 1176 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 river bends bends (river) 250 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rivers rios streams bends (river) rapids waterfalls channels guts springs (hydrographic) Natural freshwater surface streams of considerable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definite channel toward a sea, lake, or another river; any large streams, or ones larger than brooks or creeks, such as the trunk stream and larger branches of a drainage system. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 251 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 road bends roadways 1181 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 road cuts roadways 1182 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 road junctions roadways 1183 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 road tunnels tunnels 1184 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 roadless areas reserves 1166 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 roads roadways 1185 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 roadsteads (anchorages) harbors 789 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 roadways caravan routes causeways drives highways intersections parkways road bends road cuts road junctions roads streets traffic circles transportation features Open ways for passage of vehicles. [USGS Circ 1048] 432 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 rock deserts deserts 615 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rock towers natural rock formations 1009 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rockfalls physiographic features 1072 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rocks natural rock formations 1010 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rodeo grounds sports facilities 1188 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 rookeries habitats 780 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 routes transportation features 1189 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 rowhouses residential sites 1171 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 rubber plantations agricultural sites 71 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ruins historical sites 806 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 runways airport features 91 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 RV parks camps 391 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sabkhas flats 706 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 saddles (physiographic) gaps 739 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 salt deposit areas mineral deposit areas 980 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 salt evaporation ponds lakes 906 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 salt lakes lakes 907 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 salt marshes wetlands 1190 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 salt mines mine sites 975 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 salt ponds lakes 908 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sanatariums medical facilities 953 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sanatoriums medical facilities 954 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sanctuaries (religious) religious facilities 1153 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sanctuaries (wildlife) reserves 1167 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sandbars bars (physiographic) 208 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sandy areas beaches deserts dunes 238 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sandy deserts deserts 616 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sanitary landfills disposal sites 627 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 satellite stations data collection facilities 606 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 savannahs grasslands 770 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 savannas grasslands 771 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sawmills industrial sites 863 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 scenic areas parks 1048 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 school districts administrative areas Geographic districts, the public schools of which are administered together. [American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 37 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 schools educational facilities 663 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 scientific research bases research facilities 1160 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 scrap yards disposal sites 628 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 scraps cliffs 492 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 scrublands shrublands 1191 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 sea arches arches (natural formation) 144 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 seachannels (seafloor) seafloor features 1192 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 seafloor features arrugados banks (seafloor) benches (seafloor) holes (seafloor) moats (seafloor) ocean floor features ramps (seafloor) rises (seafloor) seachannels (seafloor) shelf valleys (seafloor) subsea features tongues (seafloor) underwater features physiographic features abyssal features continental margins fracture zones hydrothermal vents ocean trenches seamounts submarine canyons reefs ridges valleys 5 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 seamounts guyots seapeaks tablemounts (seafloor) seafloor features mountains Elevations of the sea floor, 1000 m or higher, either flat-topped (guyots) or peaked (seapeaks). [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 778 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 seapeaks seamounts 1241 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 seaplane bases amphibious bases seaplane landing areas airport features hydrographic structures Installations supporting aircraft capable of taking off and landing on water. [NIMA Feature Attribute Coding Catalog (FACC)] 93 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 seaplane landing areas seaplane bases 1198 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 seaports harbors 1256 07/15/2003 07/15/2003 seas hydrographic features oceans Large bodies of salt water. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 830 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 seawalls breakwaters 295 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 second-order administrative divisions countries, 2nd order divisions 576 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 semi-independent political entities political areas 1094 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 seminaries educational facilities 664 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sepulchers cemeteries 457 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 settlements populated places 1101 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sewage treatment plants waterworks 1199 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 sheepfolds agricultural sites 72 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sheikdoms administrative areas 27 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shelf edges (ocean) continental margins 538 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shelf valleys (seafloor) seafloor features valleys 1193 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 shelters buildings 350 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shelves, continental continental margins 539 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 ship tracks transportation features 1200 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 shoals bars (physiographic) 209 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shooting ranges (sport) sports facilities 1201 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 shopping centers commercial sites 517 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shopping malls commercial sites 518 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shops buildings 351 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shorelines coastal zones 503 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shores coastal zones 504 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shrines monuments 989 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 shrublands bushes chapparal areas heaths moors scrublands biogeographic regions Areas covered with low-growing or stunted perennial vegetation and usually not mixed with trees. [USGS Circ 1048] 262 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sierra mountain ranges 997 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sills (physiographic) gaps 740 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sinkholes physiographic features 1073 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sinks physiographic features 1074 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 siphon (physiographic) physiographic features 1075 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sisal plantations agricultural sites 73 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 skeet shooting ranges sports facilities 1202 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ski areas sports facilities 1203 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ski facilities sports facilities 1204 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 ski trails sports facilities 1205 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 slag heaps disposal sites 629 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 slides (natural) physiographic features 1076 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 slopes physiographic features 1077 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sloughs wetlands 1206 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 slues wetlands 1207 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 sluices hydrographic structures 831 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 smelters industrial sites 864 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 snow regions snowfields biogeographic regions ice masses (a) Broad expanses of terrain covered with snow, relatively smooth and uniform in appearance, occurring usually at high latitudes or in mountainous regions above the snowline, and persisting throughout the year. (b) Regions of permanent snow cover, as at the heads of glaciers. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 263 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 snowfields snow regions 1208 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 solar power generation sites power generation sites 1110 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sounds (bodies of water) channels 469 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 space centers research facilities 1161 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 spas recreational facilities 1141 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 speedways sports facilities 1209 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 spillways dam sites 601 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 spits bars (physiographic) 210 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sports facilities aquatic centers arenas athletic complexes athletic fields ball parks baseball fields dragways equestrian centers fields football fields golf clubs golf courses gymnasiums natatoriums physical education facilities pistol ranges (sport) polo fields pools, swimming race tracks racecourses racetracks raceways rifle ranges rodeo grounds shooting ranges (sport) skeet shooting ranges ski areas ski facilities ski trails speedways stadiums swim clubs swimming pools tennis clubs tennis courts recreational facilities performance sites Fields, centers, or open areas maintained for the purpose of holding sporting events and activities. [USGS Circ 1048] 127 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 sportsman lodges recreational facilities 1142 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 springs (hydrographic) mineral springs sulfur springs streams oases rivers Places where underground water flows naturally to the surface of the Earth. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 982 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 spurs (physiographic) ridges 1177 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stables recreational facilities 1143 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stadiums sports facilities 1210 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stages (performance) performance sites 1064 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 state capitals capitals 429 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 state forests parks 1049 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 state parks parks 1050 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 states countries, 1st order divisions 571 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stations buildings 352 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 statistical areas administrative areas census areas Metropolitan Statistical Areas 38 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 statues monuments 990 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 steam plants power generation sites 1111 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 steps (manmade) trails 1216 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 stock routes transportation features 1217 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 stockades fortifications 725 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stockyards agricultural sites 74 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stones natural rock formations 1258 07/15/2003 07/15/2003 stony deserts deserts 617 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 storage basins flood control basins floodways retention basins basins Basins in which drainage water is naturally detained. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 217 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 storage fields (petroleum) oil fields 1027 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 storage structures cisterns elevators (agricultural) storage tanks storehouses warehouses water tanks manmade features buildings A large container used for storage. [USGS Circ 1048] Large containers used for storage. [USGS Circ 1048] 369 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 storage tanks storage structures 1218 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 storehouses storage structures 1219 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stores commercial sites 519 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 straits channels 470 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 strands beaches 239 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stream banks banks (hydrographic) 196 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 stream bends streams 1221 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 stream mouths streams 1222 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 streams affluents anabranches brooks burns (hydrographic) confluences creeks distributaries dry stream beds forks (physiographic features) headstreams intermittent streams lost rivers meanders stream bends stream mouths tidal creeks tributaries watercourses hydrographic features rivers springs (hydrographic) drainage basins guts wetlands Linear bodies of water flowing on the Earth's surface. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 105 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 streets roadways 1186 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 strip mines mine sites 976 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 structures buildings 353 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 student unions buildings 354 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 studios buildings 355 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 study areas research areas 1157 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sub-surface dams dam sites 602 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 subcontinents land regions (a) Divisions or parts of a continent having characteristics that distinguish them from the rest of the continent. These subdivision are typically based on geologic or geomorphic characteristics. (b) Large land masses smaller than any of the seven recognized continents. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 913 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 subdivisions housing areas 819 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 submarine canyons seafloor features canyons ocean trenches Steep-sided, V-profile valley often heading in the continental shelf running down the continental slope, having tributaries and resembling unglaciated, river-cut land canyons. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 421 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 subsea features seafloor features 1194 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 substations buildings 356 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 suburbs populated places 1102 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 subway stations railroad features 1133 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sugar mills industrial sites 865 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sugar plantations agricultural sites 75 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sugar refineries industrial sites 866 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sulfur springs springs (hydrographic) 1215 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 sultanates administrative areas 28 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 summits mountain summits 999 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 swamps wetlands 1226 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 swim clubs sports facilities 1211 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 swimming pools sports facilities 1212 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 switches (railroad) railroad features 1134 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 symphony halls performance sites 1065 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 synagogues religious facilities 1154 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 synclines folds (geologic) basins Trough-shaped folds or downfolds in folded rock strata, the strata dipping towards a central axis. [Macmillan Encyc., 2001] 224 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tabernacles religious facilities 1155 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 table mountains plateaus 1090 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tablelands plateaus 1091 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tablemounts (seafloor) seamounts 1197 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tailing ponds disposal sites 630 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tailings disposal sites 631 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 talus slopes physiographic features 1078 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tank farms industrial sites 867 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tarns lakes 909 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 taverns buildings 357 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tea plantations agricultural sites 76 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tectonic features physiographic features earthquake features faults folds (geologic) Features resulting from structural deformation of the earth's crust through tectonic processes. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 656 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 telecommunication features antenna field sites communication centers radio stations television stations transmission lines manmade features towers 114 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 telescopes research facilities 1162 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 television stations telecommunication features 1227 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 temples religious facilities 1156 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tennis clubs sports facilities 1213 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tennis courts sports facilities 1214 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 terminals (transportation) transportation features 1229 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 terraces (physiographic) physiographic features 1079 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 territorial waters administrative areas 39 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 territories countries, 1st order divisions 572 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 test sites research areas 1158 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 theaters performance sites 1066 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 theatres performance sites 1067 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 thermal features fumaroles geysers hot springs hydrographic features Holes in the Earth's crust from which hot water and steam (geysers), and gases and vapors (fumaroles) are emitted. [Adapted from USGS Circ 1048 and Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 732 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 third-order administrative divisions countries, 3rd order divisions 578 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tidal creeks streams 1223 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tidal flats wetlands 1230 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 tin mines mine sites 977 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tombs cemeteries monuments 458 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tongues (seafloor) seafloor features 1195 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 topographic quadrangle regions map quadrangle regions 939 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 towers carillons fire lookouts pagodas manmade features reference locations telecommunication features windmills Manmade structures, higher than their diameter, generally used for observation, storage, or electronic transmission. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 434 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 town halls buildings 358 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 towns cities 484 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 township and range areas cadastral areas 380 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 townships countries, 3rd order divisions 579 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tracts land parcels 912 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trade zones administrative areas 29 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trading posts buildings 359 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 traffic circles roadways 1187 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trailer parks (recreational) camps 392 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trailer parks (residential) residential sites 1172 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trailheads trails 1231 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 trails promenades steps (manmade) trailheads walking paths transportation features parks Cleared paths, beaten tracks, or improved surfaces, as through woods or wilderness, not usually trafficked by vehicles because of width, seasonal conditions, or access restrictions. [USGS Circ 1048] 1057 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 training centers educational facilities 665 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tramways railroad features 1135 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 transit facilities transportation features 1233 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 transmission lines telecommunication features 1228 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 transportation features air routes caravan routes corridors crossings depots ferries fords (crossings) fuel depots gates (manmade) halting places (transportation) highway maintenance sites portages resthouses routes ship tracks stock routes terminals (transportation) transit facilities manmade features airport features aqueducts bridges cableways locks parking sites pipelines railroad features roadways trails tunnels canals harbors hydrographic structures 83 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 treatment plants buildings waterworks 360 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 trees woods 1234 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 trenches (seafloor) ocean trenches 1021 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trestles bridges 301 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 triangulation stations reference locations 1148 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tribal areas indian reservations indian reserves reservations (indian) administrative areas Areas reserved for indigenous inhabitants. 40 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tributaries streams 1224 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 troughs (seafloor) ocean trenches 1022 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 trout farms fisheries 698 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tundras Arctic land biogeographic regions Treeless, level, or gently rolling plains characteristic of arctic or subarctic regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil, and usually supporting low growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and stunted shrubs. [USGS Circ 1048] 152 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 tunnels canal tunnels railroad tunnels road tunnels transportation features canals Underground or underwater passages. [USGS Circ 1048] 397 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 turning basins harbors 790 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 underground irrigation canals canals 410 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 underground lakes caves 449 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 underwater features seafloor features 1196 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 United States Government establishments buildings 361 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 universities educational facilities 666 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 uplands physiographic features 1080 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 upwellings hydrographic features 826 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 urban areas cities 485 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 urban parks parks 1051 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 UTM zones map regions Gridded areas of the Earth's surface resulting from the use of the Universal Transverse Mercator projection and the international coding conventions for labeling the zones. 940 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 valleys forks (physiographic features) glens hanging valleys hollows median valleys shelf valleys (seafloor) physiographic features canyons arroyos basins gaps seafloor features Low-lying land bordered by higher ground; especially elongate, relatively large gently sloping depressions of the Earth's surface, commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills or mountains, and often containing a stream with an outlet. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 166 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 vegetation biogeographic regions 256 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 veterinary facilities medical facilities 955 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 viaducts bridges 302 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 viewing locations lookout (vista) observation points vistas parks Term changed from 'vistas' to 'viewing locations', July 2002. 1056 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 village squares parks 1052 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 villages populated places 1103 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 villas residential sites 1173 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 vineyards agricultural sites 77 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 visitor centers buildings 362 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 vistas viewing locations 1239 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 volcanic features crater lakes dykes (geologic) physiographic features lava fields volcanoes Features formed from those igneous rocks that have reached or nearly reached the Earth's surface before solidifying. [Adapted from Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 591 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 volcanoes volcanic features craters mountains Vents in the surface of the Earth through which magma and associated gases erupt; also, the forms or structures, usually conical, that are produced by the erupted material. [Glossary of Geology, 4th ed.] 592 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wadi bends arroyos 160 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wadi junctions arroyos 161 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wadi mouths arroyos 162 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wadis arroyos 163 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 walking paths trails 1232 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 walls buildings reference locations 363 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 war zones historical sites 1254 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 warehouses buildings storage structures 364 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 washes arroyos 164 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 waste disposal sites disposal sites 632 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 water bodies hydrographic features 827 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 water mills hydrographic structures 832 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 water plants waterworks 1235 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 water pumping stations pipelines 1087 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 water tanks storage structures 1220 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 water treatment plants waterworks 1236 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 water wells wells 1237 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 water works waterworks 1238 09/27/2001 07/13/2003 watercourses streams 1225 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 waterfalls cascades cataracts falls rivers Perpendicular or very steep falls of water in the course of a stream. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 436 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 waterholes hydrographic features 828 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 watersheds drainage basins 645 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 waterworks filter plants filtration plants sewage treatment plants treatment plants water plants water treatment plants water works hydrographic structures disposal sites pipelines reservoirs Water facilities, including tanks, buildings, pumps, and pipes, that process water for cities, towns, or other municipalities. [Adapted from American Heritage Dic. of the English Language, 4th ed.] 634 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 weather stations research facilities 1163 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 weirs dam sites 603 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wells oil wells water wells manmade features hydrographic structures mine sites oil fields windmills Manmade shafts or holes in the Earth's surface used to obtain fluid or gaseous materials. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 833 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 wetlands backwaters bayous bogs cienagas fens forested wetlands intermittent wetlands mangrove swamps marshes mires mud flats peat cutting areas peatlands quagmires riparian areas salt marshes sloughs slues swamps tidal flats biogeographic regions bays estuaries guts lakes playas streams Vegetated areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water for a significant part of the year. The vegetation is adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. [USGS Circ 1048] 185 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 whaling stations industrial sites 868 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wharves piers 1082 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wheat belts agricultural regions 1250 07/03/2002 07/03/2002 whirlpools hydrographic features 829 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wilderness areas parks 1053 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wildlife areas reserves 1168 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wildlife refuges reserves 1169 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wildlife reserves reserves 1170 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 windmill power generation sites power generation sites 1112 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 windmills manmade features towers wells Mills or other machines that run on the energy generated by a wheel of adjustable blades or flats rotated by the wind. [USGS Circ 1048] 935 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wineries commercial sites 520 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 woods coconut groves groves olive groves palm groves pine groves trees forests Small areas covered with a dense growth of trees. [USGS Feature Class Definitions http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html] 506 09/27/2001 11/15/2004 wreck sites historical sites 807 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wrecking yards disposal sites 633 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 wrecks historical sites 808 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 yacht clubs recreational facilities 1144 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 youth centers recreational facilities 1145 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 youth facilities recreational facilities 1146 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 zip code areas postal areas 1106 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 zoological gardens parks 1054 09/27/2001 07/03/2002 zoos parks 1055 09/27/2001 07/03/2002